Reduce SpoolBuddy kiosk CPU/memory pressure
Add Chromium flags to cut overhead on Pi: disable extensions, crash
reporter, background timer throttling, renderer backgrounding, and cap
V8 heap at 128MB. Mask (not just disable) stripped system services to
prevent socket/dbus reactivation, and add xdg-permission-store to the
disable list. Remove chromium and upower from strip_packages since the
kiosk needs them — they were being uninstalled then immediately
reinstalled on every run.